2005年8月15日，時任浙江省委書記的習近平在余村首次提出“綠水青山就是金山銀山”理念，既為余村從“石頭經濟”向“綠色經濟”蛻變指明方向，也為中國生態文明建設提供理論支撐。“綠水青山就是金山銀山”理念將環境保護從“成本負擔”升華為“戰略資產”，深刻揭示生態保護與經濟發展的辯證關系，形成堅定不移走生態優先、綠色發展之路，促進經濟社會發展全面綠色轉型，加快推進人與自然和諧共生的現代化的綠色發展觀，成為習近平生態文明思想的經典論斷。
為學習貫徹習近平生態文明思想，貫徹落實黨的二十屆三中全會精神，絲路國際智庫、西南醫科大學、絲路百科雜志社等機構組建編委會，邀請有關部門、科研院所、行業商協會、企事業單位的專家擔任編委，編寫出版《2025年綠色發展報告》（75.5萬字中英文版，社會科學文獻出版社出版），于2025年8月15日在中國北京和泰國曼谷同步發布《2025年綠色發展報告》，召開“綠水青山就是金山銀山”理念提出20周年研討會，組織成果發布、專家發言、案例推薦、聯誼交流、合作對接等活動。
出席《2025年綠色發展報告》北京發布會暨“綠水青山就是金山銀山”理念提出20周年研討會的嘉賓有：全國政協常委、教科衛體委員會副主任尚勇，社會科學文獻出版社總編輯耿顯家，中國市場經濟研究會原會長、中央黨校馬克思主義理論教研部原主任周為民，中央文化和旅游管理干部學院原副院長隋吉林，西南醫科大學副校長周翔宇，中國環境報社原總編輯劉樹國，中國預防青少年犯罪研究會原秘書長路琦，武漢大學經濟與管理學院副院長劉林青，中華環保聯合會副秘書長、《中華環境》雜志社社長李瑞東，鄂爾多斯市林草局黨組成員、副局長李海光，全國公共文化發展中心基層服務處處長陳移兵，人民日報社《中國城市報》“碳”索之路組委會秘書長張超南，泛華集團副總裁楊年春，PingPong金融合伙人羅永龍，中建八局土木公司黨建工作部（企業文化部）主任田麗婕，中建方程投資發展集團有限公司北京分公司副總經理于航，清華大學五道口金融學院金融安全研究中心總監周京，臺州學院商學院副院長陳國棟，北京中醫藥大學人文學院副教授閻莉，絲路國際智庫執行秘書長、絲路百科雜志社副理事長蔣濤，《2025年綠色發展報告》主編劉洋等，來自中國國際工程咨詢公司、中富綠碳科技、四川綠色積分大數據研究院、泰中華商聯合會、中國低碳網、中國產業發展促進會、安興高科新能源、京東方能源等機構的負責人，以及瞭望周刊、中國綠色時報、中華合作時報、中國經濟時報、中國社會科學網、人民論壇、中國文化報等新聞媒體和青年代表。
全國政協常委、教科衛體委員會副主任、《2025年綠色發展報告》編委會顧問尚勇，社會科學文獻出版社總編輯耿顯家，西南醫科大學副校長、《2025年綠色發展報告》執行主編周翔宇分別致辭。
尚勇在致辭中回顧了黨的十八大以來全國人民“綠水青山就是金山銀山”理念的偉大實踐和輝煌成就。“放眼今日960萬平方公里的中華大地，綠色發展成為中國式現代化的主旋律，展現出藍天碧水、綠水青山、秀美山川、城鄉綠色發展的美麗中國壯麗畫卷，14億人民為生活在共同富裕、生態文明、安全健康的幸福家園而喜樂自豪。”
尚勇高度肯定了《2025年綠色發展報告》，指出這一智庫成果反映了中國生態文明建設、綠色發展生動實踐的精華，聚集了不同地區、行業、企業、個人參與生態文明建設的真實生動案例，向世界生動講好中國生態文明故事，向國際社會展現綠水青山轉化為金山銀山的成功實踐，展現人與自然和諧共生的現代化圖景，共享中國的有益成功經驗。這對推動習近平生態文明思想進一步走向世界，深入人心，共同推進綠色“一帶一路”建設有著重要借鑒意義，特別是為廣大發展中國家如何走綠色發展的現代化道路提供了有益的范例。
周翔宇表示，作為《2025年綠色發展報告》的研究編寫單位，從安吉余村的礦山到瀘州長江的碧波，從西南醫大的實驗室到成渝雙城的科創走廊，“綠水青山就是金山銀山”的理念已深深融入中國式現代化的血脈。當瀘州張壩百年桂圓林迎來新一季豐收，當赤水河畔的金沙鯉鱸重現蹤跡，我們愈加堅信：綠水青山既是自然財富，更是發展資本、民生福祉。讓我們以此次報告發布為號角，以綠色為底色，以創新為畫筆，共同書寫人與自然和諧共生的中國式現代化新篇章。
全國政協常委、教科衛體委員會副主任、《2025年綠色發展報告》編委會顧問尚勇，社會科學文獻出版社總編輯耿顯家，西南醫科大學副校長、《2025年綠色發展報告》執行主編周翔宇，人民日報社《中國城市報》“碳”索之路組委會秘書長、《2025年綠色發展報告》副主編張超南，絲路國際智庫執行秘書長、《2025年綠色發展報告》副主編蔣濤，《2025年綠色發展報告》主編劉洋共同為《2025年綠色發展報告》揭幕。
《2025年綠色發展報告》主編劉洋圍繞“‘綠水青山就是金山銀山’的中國實踐、中國創新與中國方案”主題，介紹了《2025年綠色發展報告》重點內容、三大亮點特色及四大對策建議。
中國市場經濟研究會原會長、中央黨校馬克思主義理論教研部原主任周為民，中國環境報社原總編輯劉樹國，中華環保聯合會副秘書長、《中華環境》雜志社社長李瑞東，PingPong金融合伙人羅永龍等多位專家進行了主題發言和成果點評，中建八局土木公司黨建工作部（企業文化部）主任田麗婕、中建方程投資發展集團有限公司北京分公司副總經理于航、泛華集團副總裁楊年春、成渝地區雙城經濟圈研究院執行院長方寧進行了綠色發展案例分享，清華大學五道口金融學院金融安全研究中心總監周京、中建馬來西亞有限公司綜合辦海外傳播工作專員王文苑作為青年代表進行了分享交流。
《2025年綠色發展報告》詮釋“綠水青山就是金山銀山”
綠水逶迤去，青山相向開。在習近平生態文明思想的科學引領下，中國走出一條綠色發展的光明之路，天藍、地綠、水凈、人與自然和諧共生的美麗中國夢想正一步一步成為現實。在新時代新征程上，中國堅定不移走綠色、低碳、可持續發展之路，以中國智慧、中國擔當、中國方案、中國行動推動世界走向生態文明新時代，必將為保護地球家園做出新的更大貢獻。
總的來看，《2025年綠色發展報告》的編撰出版具有如下價值和意義。
1、廿年回顧，成果總結
“綠水青山就是金山銀山”理念提出20年以來，中國將“美麗中國”納入強國目標、“生態文明” 納入“五位一體”總體布局、“人與自然和諧共生”納入現代化方略、“綠色”納入新發展理念、“污染防治”納入三大攻堅戰，堅定走綠色發展之路，并為發展中國家平衡經濟發展和生態保護提供具有借鑒性、可操作性的中國方案。《2025年綠色發展報告》以習近平生態文明思想為指引，通過數據分析、現狀總結、挑戰梳理、對策建議等實證研究，形成以20年為研究視角且兼顧最新成效及戰略目標的綠色發展智庫成果，進一步豐富國內外有關智庫成果體系。
2、引領示范，創新成果
在距離2035年基本實現社會主義現代化僅有十年的沖刺階段，“十四五” 規劃即將收官、“十五五”規劃正在謀劃的關鍵時期，“綠水青山就是金山銀山”理念提出和踐行20年的全新起點，結合黨的二十屆三中全會提出的“聚焦建設美麗中國，加快經濟社會發展全面綠色轉型，健全生態環境治理體系，推進生態優先、節約集約、綠色低碳發展，促進人與自然和諧共生” 的戰略部署，《2025年綠色發展報告》總結“綠水青山就是金山銀山”的中國實踐、中國創新與中國方案，提出對策建議和未來展望，為國內外政用產學研各界及廣大讀者提供綠色高質量發展的路徑指南、決策參考和理論依據。
3、決策參考，謀劃未來
面對百年未有之大變局，《2025年綠色發展報告》充分把握綠色發展的全球趨勢，結合問題導向、戰略導向、需求導向、創新導向，圍繞制度機制建設、生態環境保護、國土空間治理、綠色低碳轉型、綠色國際合作等五大領域和若干熱點專題，開創性開展中國綠色發展的頂層設計、實踐創新、典型案例等實證研究，打磨、推出一批高質量、具有國際影響力智庫成果，為中國綠色發展鼓勁發聲，講好綠色發展中國故事，圍繞成果編撰、出版、發布、傳播、研討、活動、項目等系列工作推進，進而打造綠色發展的 “全球智庫＋產學研用合作平臺”。
綠色發展成就圖片展呈現踐行“綠水青山就是金山銀山”理念的標桿案例
本次會議同期舉辦了“綠水青山就是金山銀山”重要理念提出20周年綠色發展成就圖片展。絲路國際智庫在組織編撰《2025年綠色發展報告》的同時，面向社會公開征集體現中國綠色發展偉大成就的典型案例圖片，得到了政產學研各界機構和專業人士的廣泛參與。通過征集的上千張照片中遴選出32張具有特色和代表性的圖片，彩印在《2025年綠色發展報告》（中英文版），以及在北京、曼谷等城市展出。
“綠水青山就是金山銀山”重要理念提出20周年綠色發展成就圖片展吸納北京永定河、杭州湘湖、雄安新區白洋淀、武漢東湖、湖南華洪運河、無錫太湖等河湖生態治理，貴州梵凈山、江西武功山明月山等生物多樣性保護，遼寧營口海灣、大連金石灘黃金海岸、北海市濱海國家濕地公園等海洋生態保護和美麗海灣建設，興安嶺南麓烏蘭毛都草原、河北省塞罕壩機械林場、鄂爾多斯、錫林郭勒蘇尼特右旗等草原、沙漠沙地生態修復，成都彭州海窩子古鎮、簡陽公園城市、南京溧水區曹莊村、石家莊鹿泉區東土門村、臨滄臨翔區南美拉祜族鄉多依村、通昭陽區永豐鎮、瀘州護國鎮德紅村紅巖子茶園等美麗城鎮與和美鄉村建設，北京冬奧村和國家雪車雪橇中心“雪游龍”、北京城市副中心·城市綠心公園、中資企業建設的埃及新行政首都中央商務區項目等綠色能源應用，蘇州工業園區、長壽經濟技術開發區等產業園區綠色低碳轉型的典型案例。32張圖片一覽生態環境保護、構建綠色發展空間、綠色低碳轉型、綠色國際合作的中國綠色發展波瀾壯闊的詩篇。
《2025年綠色發展報告》建言共建人與自然生命共同體
綠色是生命的象征、大自然的底色，良好生態環境是美好生活的基礎、人民共同的期盼。綠色發展是順應自然、促進人與自然和諧共生的發展，是用最少資源環境代價取得最大經濟社會效益的發展，是高質量、可持續的發展，已經成為各國普遍共識。在習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想指引下，中國堅持綠水青山就是金山銀山的理念，堅定不移走生態優先、綠色發展之路，促進經濟社會發展全面綠色轉型，建設人與自然和諧共生的現代化，創造舉世矚目的生態奇跡和綠色發展奇跡。作為世界上最大的發展中國家，中國秉持人類命運共同體理念，堅定踐行多邊主義，提出全球發展倡議、全球安全倡議，深化務實合作，積極參與全球環境與氣候治理，為共建清潔美麗地球家園貢獻中國 智慧、中國力量。
綠色低碳轉型是一場廣泛而深刻的經濟社會系統性變革，是一項長期的戰略性任務，需要在新時代新戰略的指引下穩中求進、久久為功。中國共產黨第二十次全國代表大會擘畫中國未來發展藍圖，描繪綠水長流、青山常在、空氣常新的美麗中國畫卷。《中共中央關于進一步全面深化改革 推進中國式現代化的決定》提出，聚焦建設美麗中國，加快經濟社會發展全面綠色轉型，健全生態環境治理體系，推進生態優先、節約集約、綠色低碳發展，促進人與自然和諧共生。
為此，《2025年綠色發展報告》提出如下四大建議：
一是進一步推進高水平生態環境保護。接續打好藍天保衛戰，確保工業企業全面穩定達標排放，強化揮發性有機物和揚塵污染綜合治理，督促空氣質量未達標的縣區編制實施大氣環境質量限期達標方案，繼續推進PM2.5和臭氧協同控制，在跨省毗鄰地區建立空氣治理改善先行示范區。接續打好碧水保衛戰，統籌好上下游、左右岸、干支流、城市和鄉村，實施“一河（湖）一策”，充分發揮河（湖）長制作用，強化溯源整治、截污控源和污水（泥）資源化利用，落實地表水與地下水協同防治，持續打好長江保護修復攻堅戰、黃河生態保護治理攻堅戰，健全橫向流域生態保護補償機制。健全陸海統籌、多方共治的海洋生態環境治理體系，以沿海鄉鎮為單元持續開展入海排污口“查、測、溯、治”，實施漁港“一港一策”污染防治，推廣生態健康養殖模式，建設數據共享的涉海工程項目和海洋傾廢監督系統，實施海灣、河口、岸灘等區域塑料垃圾專項清理行動。將“無廢城市”建設納入鄉鎮（街道）、村（社區）等基層部門污染防治攻堅戰考核內容，依法依規將固體廢物產生、利用、處置納入企業信用評價體系，推廣綠色建材和建筑垃圾再生利用產品，推動生活垃圾分類網點與廢舊物資回收網點“兩網融合”，建設危險廢物環境監管“五全”體系。
二是進一步優化綠色發展空間格局。構建以自然資源合理利用為導向的國土空間保護開發新格局，開展國土空間規劃實施監測評估，確保現狀耕地應劃盡劃、應保盡保，發展多中心、組團式的城市空間形態，引導中小城市緊湊布局，推進全域土地綜合整治，建設宜居宜業和美鄉村。統籌推進山水林田湖草沙海一體化保護修復，科學部署、持續實施山水工程，分類有序推進綠色礦山建設，以“陸海統籌+江海聯動+一灣（島）一策”推進美麗海灣建設。健全生物多樣性調查、監測、評估和保護體系。制定國家公園法，推進國家公園治沙、治水、治山全要素治理。推廣沙障治沙、光伏治沙、覆膜保水、灌木截稈等沙漠治理先進技術，宣傳弘揚“三北精神”、塞罕壩精神。建立縣域生態資源數據庫和生態產品清單，引導自然資源資產確權登記、設權賦能、布局合理和配置高效，創新自然資源權益交易、生態產品抵押貸款、生態保護補償、自然資源資產損害賠償、自然資源資產賬戶、綠色產品期貨期權、綠色保險等價值實現路徑。
三是進一步推進綠色低碳轉型高質量發展。將綠色理念和節約要求融入文明公約、企業規章、團體章程等經濟社會規則，形成崇尚生態文明的濃郁社會氛圍。引導中小企業執行綠色采購指南，將碳足跡要求納入公共部門采購，推動規上企業建立綠色供應鏈。推動地方政府、市場主體發放權益型綠色消費券、綠色積分，鼓勵消費者購買和“以舊換新”綠色商品。重點區域同步實施煤炭消費總量控制、散煤替代和清潔能源發展，推進二氧化碳捕集利用與封存項目建設，統籌水電開發和生態保護，推進水風光一體化開發，積極發展分布式光伏、分散式風電，推動氫能“制儲輸用”全鏈條發展，加強清潔能源基地、調節性資源和輸電通道的銜接協同，加快微電網、虛擬電廠、源網荷儲一體化項目等智能電網建設。促進傳統產業普及推廣清潔生產技術裝備，健全落后產能退出機制。以科技創新、綠色智造和制造服務為驅動，融合發展戰略性新興產業、高技術產業、節能環保產業、現代高效農業和現代服務業。鼓勵合同能源管理、合同節水管理、環境污染第三方治理、碳排放管理等創新發展。加強綠色低碳技術知識產權創造、保護、運用。引導互聯網平臺綠色低碳發展，帶動上下游市場主體提高減碳能力。推動綠色金融產品服務創新。
四是進一步推進高水平綠色國際合作。推動在雙邊、多邊合作中落實全球發展倡議，支持發展中國家政府部門、社會組織、公益機構、智庫等參與“一帶一路 ”綠色發展國際聯盟、綠色低碳專家網絡。全面落實應對氣候變化國際合作項目，建立青年群體廣泛參與的全球氣候治理體系。推動公益組織、行業商協會設立綠色發展專業機構，開展人文活動、政策解讀、業務咨詢、人才培訓、成果展覽、權益維護等公共服務。辦好“一帶一路”綠色創新大會，在廣交會、進博會、服貿會、數博會等國際展會機制下舉辦綠色發展主題的對話交流、創新大賽、項目路演等活動。建設光伏產業對話交流機制。支持發展中國家科學家、企業家、創業者參與環境技術交流與轉移基地、綠色技術示范推廣基地、“一帶一路 ”聯合實驗室、“一帶一路 ”技術轉移中心等項目合作。擴大綠色絲路使者計劃的教育培訓、項目合作等服務質效，引導中國高校增加生態環境相關專業的留學生培養規模，幫助發展中國家高校、科研院所搭建綠色發展人才培養體系。發揮絲路國際智庫等新型智庫作用，總結、傳播和推廣綠色發展中國經驗，講好綠色發展中國故事。
Press release
China's Practice, Innovation, and Solutions for "Lucid Waters and Lush Mountains Are Invaluable Assets": The 2025 Green Development Report was released in Beijing and Bangkok.
In 2005, Xi Jinping, then Secretary of the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee, first proposed theconcept that “Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets” in Yucun, charting a course for the villages transformation from a “ quarrying-based economy” to a “ green economy” , while providing theoretical support for the nationwide construction of ecological civilization.This theory(“Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets”) elevates environmental protection from a “cost burden” to a “strategic asset” and profoundly reveals the dialectical relationship between ecological protection and economic development. It forms a green development perspective of “unswervingly following the path of ecological priority and green development, promoting comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, and accelerate the advancemen of modernization featuring harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature”, becoming the most classic proposition of Xi Jinping’s ecological civilization thought.
To implement Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization and the guiding principles of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, the Silk Road International Think Tank, Southwest Medical University, and Silk Road Encyclopedia (Magazine) jointly established an editorial committee to compile and publish the 2025 Green Development Report (a 755,000-word Chinese-English edition). On August 15, 2025, the report was released simultaneously in Beijing and Bangkok, alongside a symposium commemorating the 20th anniversary of the concept "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets." The event included report launches, expert speeches, case recommendations, social networking, and collaborative matchmaking activities.
2025 Green Development Report Think Tank Achievements Interpreting “Lucid Waters and Lush Mountains Are Invaluable Assets”
Lucid waters meander away, lush mountains open in array. Under the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping's Thought on Ecological Civilization, China has forged a bright path of green development, and the dream of a beautiful China with blue skies, green land, clean water, and harmony between humans and nature is becoming reality step by step. In the new era and new journey, China unswervingly follows the path of green, low-carbon, and sustainable development. Chinese wisdom, Chinese responsibility, Chinese solutions, and Chinese actions are propelling the world toward a new era of ecological civilization and will make new and greater contributions to protecting our Earth home.
Overall, the 2025 Green Development Report has the following value and significance.
1.Twenty-Year Review and Achievements Summary
In the twenty years since the concept that “lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets” was proposed, China has incorporated “the Beautiful China Initiative” into its goal of building a great modern socialist country, “ecological civilization” into the “five-sphere integrated plan”, “harmony between humans and nature” into its modernization approach, “green” into the new development concept, and “pollution prevention and control” into the three critical battles. China has firmly followed the path of green development and provided developing countries with a Chinese solution for balancing economic development and ecological protection that is both referenceable and operational. Guided by Xi Jinping's Thought on Ecological Civilization leading the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind, 2025 Green Development Report forms think tank achievements on green development with a 20-year research perspective, while also considering the latest results and strategic goals through data analysis, status summaries, challenge identification, and countermeasure suggestions. This further enriches the system of relevant think tank achievements at home and abroad.
2.Leadership, Demonstration, and Innovative Achievements
At the sprint stage with only ten years remaining until the basic realization of socialist modernization by 2035, at the critical period when the 14th Five-Year Plan is about to conclude and the 15th Five-Year Plan is waiting to be planned, at the new starting point of the 20th anniversary of the proposal and practice of the concept that “lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets”, and in combination with the strategic deployment proposed by the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee to “focus on building a beautiful China, accelerate the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, improve the ecological environment governance system, promote ecological priority, economical and intensive use, and green and low-carbon development, and promote harmony between humans and nature”,this report summarizes the Chinese practice, Chinese innovation, and Chinese solutions of “lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets”, proposes countermeasures and future prospects, and provides a pathway guide, decisionmaking reference, and theoretical basis for green high-quality development for Chinese and international political, industrial, academic, research, investment, media sectors, and readers at large.
3.Decision-Making and Future Planning References
Facing the unprecedented changes in a century, this report fully grasps the global trends of green development and, combining problem-oriented, strategy-oriented, demand-oriented, and innovation-oriented approaches, focuses on five major areas—institutional mechanism construction, ecological environmental protection, territorial space governance, green and low-carbon transformation, and green international cooperation and several hot topics. It conducts pioneering empirical research on the top-level design, practical innovation, and typical cases of China's green development, polishes and launches a batch of high-quality think tank achievements with international influence, cheers for China's green development, tells the Chinese story of green development well, and advances a series of work on achievement compilation, publication, release, dissemination, discussion, activities, and projects, thereby building a “global think tank + industry-academia-research-application cooperation platform” for green development.
2025 Green Development Report: Proposing Building a Community of Life Between Humans and Nature
Green is the symbol of life and the background color of nature. A good ecological environment is the foundation of a good life and the common aspiration of the people. Green development is development that conforms to nature and promotes harmony between humans and nature. It achieves maximum economic and social benefits at the minimum cost to resources and the environment. It is high-quality, sustainable development and has become a consensus among countries. Under the guidance of Xi Jinping's Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, China adheres to the concept that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, firmly follows the path of ecological priority and green development, promotes the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, builds modernization featuring harmony between humans and nature, and creates world-renowned ecological and green development miracles. As the world's largest developing country, China upholds the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind, firmly practices multilateralism, proposes the Global Development Initiative and Global Security Initiative, deepens practical cooperation, actively participates in global environmental and climate governance, and contributes Chinese wisdom and
strength to building a clean and beautiful earth home.
Green and low-carbon transformation is a broad and profound systemic
change in the economy and society and a long-term strategic task that requires steady progress and persistent efforts under the guidance of new era strategies. The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China has outlined the blueprint for China's future development, depicting a beautiful China with flowing clear waters, permanent green mountains, and fresh air. The “Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Further Comprehensively Deepening Reform and Advancing Chinese Modernization” proposes focusing on building a beautiful China, accelerating the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, improving the ecological environment governance system, promoting ecological priority, economical and intensive use, and green and low-carbon development, and promoting the harmonious coexistence of humans and nature.
To this end, the following four major recommendations are proposed by 2025 Green Development Report:
First, further promote high-level ecological environmental protection. Continue to implement the blue sky defense battle, ensure that industrial enterprises fully and stably meet emission standards, strengthen comprehensive management of volatile organic compounds and dust pollution, supervise counties and districts where air quality has not reached standards to formulate time-limited air quality improvement plans, continue to promote coordinated control of PM2.5 and ozone, and establish air treatment improvement demonstration zones in cross-provincial adjacent areas. Continue the battle for clear waters, coordinate upstream and downstream, left and right banks, main and tributary streams, cities and rural areas, implement “one river (lake) one policy ”, fully leverage the river (lake) chief system, strengthen source tracing and rectification, sewage interception and source control, and resource utilization of sewage (sludge) , implement coordinated prevention and control of surface water and groundwater, continue to fight the battle for Yangtze River protection and restoration and the battle for Yellow River ecological protection and governance, and improve cross-regional watershed ecological protection compensation mechanisms. Improve the marine ecological environment governance system integrating land and sea with multi-party governance, continuously carry out “investigation, measurement, tracing, and treatment” of sewage outlets entering the sea with coastal townships as units, implement “one port one policy” pollution prevention and control for fishing ports, promote ecological and healthy aquaculture models, build a data-sharing supervision system for marine engineering projects and marine waste disposal, and implement special plastic garbage cleanup actions in areas such as bays, estuaries, and shores. Incorporate “waste-free city” construction into the assessment content of pollution prevention and control campaigns for townships (subdistricts) , villages (communities) , and other grassroots departments, legally include solid waste generation, utilization, and disposal in the corporate credit evaluation system, promote green building materials and construction waste recycling products, promote the “integration of two networks” between household waste classification points and waste material recycling points, and build a “five-complete” environmental supervision system for hazardous waste.
Second, further optimize the spatial layout of green development. Construct a new pattern of national land space development and protection oriented toward the rational use of natural resources, carry out monitoring and evaluation of national land space planning implementation, ensure that current arable land is classified and protected as much as possible, develop multi-center, group-style urban spatial forms, guide compact layouts for small and medium-sized cities, promote comprehensive land remediation across the territory, and build beautiful villages suitable for living and working. Coordinate the integrated protection and restoration of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, deserts, and seas, scientifically deploy and continuously implement landscape engineering, promote the construction of green mines in a classified and orderly manner, advance the construction of beautiful bays with “land-sea coordination+ river-sea linkage + one bay (island ) one policy ”, improve the biodiversity survey, monitoring, assessment, and protection system, enact the National Park Law, facilitate comprehensive governance of deserts, water bodies, and mountains, promote advanced technologies such as barrier desertification control, photovoltaic desertification control, film covering for water conservation, and shrub cutting, publicize and carry forward the “Three-North” Spirit and Saihanba Spirit. Establish county-level ecological resource databases and ecological product inventories, guide the confirmation of rights, empowerment, rational layout, and efficient allocation of natural resource assets, innovate value realization pathways such as natural resource rights trading, ecological product mortgage loans, ecological protection compensation, natural resource asset damage compensation, natural resource asset accounts, green product futures options, and green insurance.
Third, further promote high-quality development of green and low-carbon transformation. Integrate green concepts and conservation requirements into economic and social rules such as civilization conventions, enterprise regulations, and group charters to form a strong social atmosphere that values ecological civilization. Guide small and medium-sized enterprises to implement green procurement guidelines, incorporate carbon footprint requirements into public sector procurement, and promote the establishment of green supply chains by enterprises above designated size. Encourage local governments and market entities to issue green consumption vouchers and green credits, encouraging consumers to purchase green products and participate in “ trade-in” programs. Synchronously implement coal consumption control, scattered coal replacement, and clean energy development in key regions, promote the construction of carbon dioxide capture, utilization, and storage projects, coordinate hydropower development and ecological protection, promote integrated development of water, wind, and solar power, actively develop distributed photovoltaic and dispersed wind power, promote the development of the entire “production, storage, transportation, and use” chain for hydrogen energy, strengthen the connection and coordination of clean energy bases, regulatory resources, and transmission channels, and accelerate the construction of smart grid projects such as microgrids, virtual power plants, and source-grid-load-storage integration. Promote the universal adoption of clean production technologies and equipment in traditional industries and improve the exit mechanism for backward production capacity. Driven by technological innovation, green intelligent manufacturing, and manufacturing services, integrate the development of strategic emerging industries, high-tech industries, energy conservation and environmental protection industries, modern efficient agriculture, and modern service industries. Encourage the innovative development of energy management contracting, water conservation management contracting, third-party environmental pollution treatment, carbon emission management, and other innovative services. Strengthen the creation, protection, and application of intellectual property rights for green and low-carbon technologies. Guide the green and low-carbon development of internet platforms, leading upstream and downstream market entities to improve their carbon reduction capabilities. Promote innovation in green finance products and services.
Fourth, further promote high-level green international cooperation. Promote the implementation of the Global Development Initiative in bilateral and multilateral cooperation, support the participation of government departments, social organizations, public welfare institutions, and think tanks from developing countries in the “Belt and Road” Green Development International Coalition and green low-carbon expert networks. Comprehensively implement international cooperation projects addressing climate change and establish a global climate governance system with broad youth participation. Promote the establishment of specialized green development institutions by public welfare organizations and industry associations to provide public services such as cultural activities, policy interpretation, business consulting, talent training, achievement exhibitions, and rights protection. Successfully host the “Belt and Road” Green Innovation Conference, and organize dialogue exchanges, innovation competitions, project roadshows, and other activities under international exhibition mechanisms such as the Canton Fair, China International Import Expo, China International Fair for Trade in Services, and China International Big Data Industry Expo. Build a dialogue and exchange mechanism for the photovoltaic industry. Support scientists, entrepreneurs, and innovators from developing countries in participating in project cooperation such as environmental technology exchange and transfer bases, green technology demonstration and promotion bases, “Belt and Road” joint laboratories, and “Belt and Road” technology transfer centers. Expand the educational training, project cooperation, and other service qualities of the Green Silk Road Envoys Program, guide Chinese universities to increase the scale of international student training in ecological environment-related majors, help universities and research institutes in developing countries build green development talent training systems. Leverage the role of new-type think tanks such as Silk Road International Think Tank to summarize, disseminate, and promote China's green development experience and tell China's green development story well.